Human Blood Trivia Quiz Questions and Answers

Trivia quiz questions with answers about human blood

Human Blood Trivia Quiz Questions and Answers

What does blood do?
A: Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

In vertebrates what is blood composed of?
A: Blood cells suspended in plasma.

What is blood plasma?
A: Blood plasma is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide and blood cells themselves.

What is albumin?
A: Albumin is the main protein in blood plasma, and it regulates the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood.

What are the most abundant cells in vertebrate blood?
A: Red blood cells.

Vertebrate blood is bright red when its hemoglobin is oxygenated and what color when it is deoxygenated?
A: Dark red.

Some animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks, use what to carry oxygen, instead of hemoglobin?
A: Hemocyanin .

Insects and some mollusks use a fluid called what instead of blood?
A: Hemolymph, the difference being that hemolymph is not contained in a closed circulatory system.

In most insects, why does this "blood" not contain oxygen-carrying molecules such as hemoglobin?
A: Because their bodies are small enough for their tracheal system to suffice for supplying oxygen.

What do white blood cells do?
A: They help to resist infections and parasites.

Platelets are important for what?
A: In the clotting of blood.

Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by what?
A: The pumping action of the heart.

Jawed vertebrates have an adaptive immune system, based largely on what?
A: White blood cells.

In animals with lungs, arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled air to the tissues of the body, and venous blood carries what?
A: Carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism produced by cells, from the tissues to the lungs to be exhaled.

In terms of anatomy and histology, blood is considered what?
A: A specialized form of connective tissue, given its origin in the bones and the presence of potential molecular fibers in the form of fibrinogen.

Immunological functions, including circulation of white blood cells, and detection of what?
A: Foreign material by antibodies.

 What is coagulation?
A: The response to a broken blood vessel, the conversion of blood from a liquid to a semisolid gel to stop bleeding.

Blood performs messenger functions, including the transport of what?
A: Hormones and the signaling of tissue damage.

Blood accounts for how much of the human body weight?
A: 7%.

Blood has an average density around 1060 kg/m3, very close to pure what?
A: Water.

The average adult has how much blood volume?
A: Roughly 5 litres (11 US pt), which is composed of plasma and several kinds of cells.

These blood cells consist of what?
A: Erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets).

By volume, the red blood cells constitute about how much of whole blood?
A: 45%, the plasma about 54.3%, and white cells about 0.7%.

The combined surface area of all red blood cells of the human body would be roughly 2,000 times as great as what?
A: The body's exterior surface.

White blood cells are part of the body's what?
A: Immune system; they destroy and remove old or aberrant cells and cellular debris, as well as attack infectious agents (pathogens) and foreign substances.

The cancer of leukocytes is called what?
A: Leukemia.

Thrombocytes, also called platelets, take part in what process?
A: Blood clotting (coagulation).

About 55% of blood is what?
A: Blood plasma, a fluid that is the blood's liquid medium, which by itself is straw-yellow in color.

The term serum refers to what?
A: Plasma from which the clotting proteins have been removed.

Most of the proteins remaining are what?
A: Albumin and immunoglobulins.

Blood pH is regulated to stay within what narrow range?
A: 7.35 to 7.45, making it slightly basic.

Blood that has a pH below 7.35 is what?
A: Too acidic, whereas blood pH above 7.45 is too basic.

Plasma also circulates what?
A: Hormones transmitting their messages to various tissues.

Red blood cells of non-mammalian vertebrates take what form?
A: They are flattened and ovoid in form, and retain their cell nuclei.

Platelets are unique to what?
A: Mammals; in other vertebrates, small nucleated, spindle cells called thrombocytes are responsible for blood clotting instead.

In humans, blood is pumped from the strong left ventricle of the heart through arteries to peripheral tissues and returns to what?
A: The right atrium of the heart through veins.

It then enters the right ventricle and is pumped through the pulmonary artery to what?
A: The lungs and returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.

Blood then enters the left ventricle to be what?
A: Circulated again.

Arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled air to what?
A: All of the cells of the body, and venous blood carries carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism by cells, to the lungs to be exhaled.

The blood circulation was famously described by whom in 1628?
A: William Harvey.

In vertebrates, where are the various blood cells made?
A: In the bone marrow in a process called hematopoiesis, which includes erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells; and myelopoiesis, the production of white blood cells and platelets.

During childhood, almost every human bone does what?
A: Produces red blood cells.

As adults, red blood cell production is limited to what?
A: The larger bones: the bodies of the vertebrae, the breastbone (sternum), the ribcage, the pelvic bones, and the bones of the upper arms and legs.

During childhood, the thymus gland, found in the mediastinum, is an important source of what?
A: T lymphocytes.

The proteinaceous component of blood (including clotting proteins) is produced predominantly by what?
A: Tthe liver.

Hormones are produced by what?
A: The endocrine glands and the watery fraction is regulated by the hypothalamus and maintained by the kidney.

Healthy erythrocytes have a plasma life of about how long before they are degraded by the spleen, and the Kupffer cells in the liver?
A: 120 days.

The liver also clears some what?
A: Proteins, lipids, and amino acids.

The kidney actively secretes waste products into what?
A: The urine.

About 98.5% of the oxygen in a sample of arterial blood in a healthy human breathing air at sea-level pressure is what?
A: Chemically combined with the hemoglobin.

About 1.5% is physically dissolved in what?
A: The other blood liquids and not connected to hemoglobin.

The hemoglobin molecule is the primary transporter of what in mammals and many other species?
A: Oxygen.

Under normal conditions in adult humans at rest, hemoglobin in blood leaving the lungs is about 98–99% saturated with what?
A: Oxygen, achieving an oxygen delivery between 950 and 1150 ml/min to the body.

In a healthy adult at rest, oxygen consumption is approximately how much?
A: 200–250 ml/min.

Increased oxygen consumption during sustained exercise reduces the oxygen saturation of venous blood, which can reach less than 15% in a what?
A: A trained athlete; although breathing rate and blood flow increase to compensate, oxygen saturation in arterial blood can drop to 95% or less under these conditions.

Hemoglobin is the main oxygen-carrying molecule in what?
A: Red blood cells.

It carries both oxygen and what?
A: Carbon dioxide.

In mammals, blood is in equilibrium with what?
A: Lymph, which is continuously formed in tissues from blood by capillary ultrafiltration.

Lymph is collected by what?
A: A system of small lymphatic vessels and directed to the thoracic duct, which drains into the left subclavian vein where lymph rejoins the systemic blood circulation.

Blood circulation transports heat throughout the body, and adjustments to this flow are what?
A: An important part of thermoregulation.

Increasing blood flow to the surface (e.g., during warm weather or strenuous exercise) causes warmer skin, resulting in what?
A: Faster heat loss.